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Prime De Icing Salt


While salt was once a scarce commodity in history, industrialized production has now made salt plentiful. Approximately 51% of world output is now used by cold countries to de-ice roads in winter, both in grit bins and spread by winter service vehicles.

While salt was once a scarce commodity in history, industrialized production has now made salt plentiful. Approximately 51% of world output is now used by cold countries to de-ice roads in winter, both in grit bins and spread by winter service vehicles. Calcium chloride is preferred over sodium chloride, since CaCl2 releases energy upon forming a solution with water, heating any ice or snow it is in contact with. It also lowers the freezing point, depending on the concentration. NaCl does not release heat upon solution; however, it does lower the freezing point. Calcium chloride is thought to be more environmentally friendly than sodium chloride when used to de-ice roads, however a drawback is that it tends to promote corrosion (of vehicles) more so than sodium chloride. NaCl is also more readily available and does not have any special handling or storage requirements, unlike calcium chloride. The salinity (S) of water is measured as grams salt per kilogram (1000g) water, and the freezing temperatures are as follows.

S(g/kg) T(freezing) (C)
0 0
15 -0.8
30 -1.7
45 -2.7
59 -3.6
75 -4.6
90 -5.5
106 -6.6
123 -7.8
140 -9.1
157 -10.4
175 -11.8
193 -13.2
212 -14.6
231 -16.2
250 -17.8
269 -19.4
290 -21.1
311 -17.3
331 -11.1
353 -2.7

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